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HPAI [Avian Flu] In Domesticated Ruminants
From The Open Sanctuary Project
March 2024

With the recent detections of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in domesticated ruminants, caregivers are likely wondering what this latest development means and how they can continue to keep their residents safe.

avian flu

With the recent detections of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in domesticated ruminants, caregivers are likely wondering what this latest development means and how they can continue to keep their residents safe.

This is an evolving situation, and so, unfortunately, there is much we do not know. In this resource, we’ll discuss the current situation as of March 29, 2024 and do our best to answer some of the questions that are coming up as a result of these detections of HPAI in domesticated ruminants. We will update reports of ongoing detections in the toggle box above, and provide additional guidance as information develops.

What Is Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza?
Avian influenza refers to any disease or infection in birds caused by Type A influenza viruses. Virus strains are categorized as highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) or low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI.) Most Type A influenza viruses are low pathogenic, found worldwide, and can frequently be found in apparently healthy migrating waterfowl and shorebirds. In domesticated birds, low pathogenic AI viruses typically have low morbidity and mortality rates. HPAI, however, carries a high morbidity and mortality rate.

Highly pathogenic Eurasian H5 avian influenza was detected in wild birds in early 2022 after not being detected in a wild bird in the United States since 2016, and shortly afterward, HPAI was detected at a commercial turkey farm. Since the start of the current outbreak, every state except Hawaii has had confirmed cases of HPAI in wild and/or domesticated birds. For more information on current cases, please refer to the USDA APHIS website.

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Please read the ENTIRE ARTICLE HERE, including:

  • Where Can I Find Your Existing Advice On HPAI?
  • What Are The Recent Developments With HPAI In Domesticated Ruminants?
  • What Does This Mean For Sanctuaries?
  • What Should Sanctuaries Do?



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